Plum has spread over wide areas thanks to the diversity of its subspecies with different characteristics, its adaptability to different ecologies and the richness of rootstocks. The interest in plum cultivation in the world and in our country is increasing due to the ease of cultural processes in plum cultivation, the long harvest season and the high nutritive value. In addition to the large number of subspecies, it is possible to see plum varieties in the country market for 5-6 months due to the opportunities provided by different ecological regions in our country. Considering the harvest times, it is possible to see plums in the market between April 15 and October 15. The first plum harvest begins in the Mediterranean region as early-season plums with can-priest group plums belonging to the Prunus ceresifera L. species. The last plum harvest ends with late varieties from Prunus salicina L. and Prunus domestica L. group plums. The marketing period can be extended by keeping the late plums in different storage conditions according to the varieties. The marketing period of plum in our country is approximately 9-10 months.

Due to the multitude of subspecies with different characteristics in plum cultivation, climate demands differ from each other. Among the existing species, Prunus cerasifera L. is the best adaptable to different climatic conditions. Since Anatolian geography is the homeland of this species, it is widely grown in this area. European group plums (Prunus domestica L.) can be easily grown in cold temperate climates with relatively cold winters. In the cultivation of Japanese plums (Prunus salinica L.), relatively milder regions should be preferred.

The biggest reason why different plum groups have different climate demands; This is because the plums in these groups show a different need for chilling. Although it varies according to the varieties in the group; In terms of winter rest period, European group plums require an average of 1000 hours of cooling time below +7.2 OC, while Can-Pazarian group and Japanese group plums need 400-600 hours of cooling time. In plums, which are resistant to cold in winter, this endurance starts to decrease with the warming of the weather in spring. Sensitivity increases during the flowering period. Closed buds seen at the tip of the petal in plums -3.1 to -1.1 0 C; bloomed flowers -2.2 to -0.6 0 C; It is known that young fruits are based on -1.1 to -0.6 OC. However, this state of endurance changes depending on the duration of the low temperature that occurs at night and the temperature of the following day.

Plum varieties have different soil requirements according to subgroup and rootstock. For example, rootstocks belonging to the Can-Papas group have a mostly superficial root development system and tend to form fringe roots. Rootstocks belonging to the European group can be easily grown in heavy, clayey and moist soils. It is desirable that the pH of the soil where plum cultivation will be made is around 6.5. Soil preparation should be done by evaluating the yield, rootstock, rainfall status of the region and the analysis results of the soil. On soils with low organic matter, burnt farm manure (2-3 tons/da.) should be used. Before planting in heavy soils with high ground water, the bottom pot should be pulled to break the deep plow and plow base. Since plum rootstocks with different characteristics can be used, plum cultivation can be done easily in different soil conditions. In the rootstocks section, more information is given about the soil requirements of the plum.

In plum orchards, tillage is done in order to control the moisture of the soil, break the cream layer, break the plow base, control weeds, assist fertilization, and fight against diseases and pests. In regions where there is no water shortage due to precipitation, meadow plants are used as ground cover and a permanent cover plant is kept in the gardens. By minimizing the loss of water from the soil by tillage in regions with low rainfall, the development of weeds and thus the competition of weeds with fruit trees is prevented. In recent years, the use of weed pesticides for weed control has become widespread. In the gardens where tillage will be made, surface cultivation with a half spring cultivator in autumn and spring for cultural control against diseases and pests, and if weed control with herbicides in the same gardens will not be economical, processing with a half spring cultivator once or twice in the summer season can be recommended.

When the soil pan comes in the spring, it is applied for the second time in late February or March. After the third release in May, irrigation channels are opened. The area under the tree crowns is processed with a hoe. If the gardens are grazed in summer due to irrigation, grass form should be preferred instead of plowing the soil in order not to disturb the irrigation channels. Deep tillage should be avoided as the plum roots are spread close to the soil surface. For this purpose, surface tillage tools should be used.

The harvest time can be decided by taking into account criteria such as the number of days from full bloom to harvest, fruit ground and flesh color, taste, firmness and SÇKM (water-soluble dry matter content) in determining the plum harvest time. During the harvest, care should be taken not to throw the fruits into the harvest bucket from a height, to unload them as close as possible during unloading from the bucket to the crate, and not to damage the fruit eyes during the harvest. If all the fruits on the tree do not come to harvest at the same time, it should be harvested in 2 or 3 times. While cratering and packaging, the fruits should not be stacked more than two rows on top of each other. Although the plums vary according to the varieties, they can be stored for 2-4 weeks at a temperature of -0.5 - 0 o C and a humidity of 90-95%. Varieties that are well matured and have a high SSC rate should be selected for storage. If the field temperature is rapidly reduced to the storage temperature with pre-cooling, it is possible to store up to 2 months at -1 o C.